1.柳京饭店
世界最大的“烂尾楼”：柳京饭店
2.芝加哥螺旋塔
3.世界首都“日耳曼尼亚”
世界首都“日耳曼尼亚”
4.自给自足的生态建筑
自给自足的生态建筑
5.海德塔
海德塔
英国海德咨询公司宣称，目前在中东一个秘密地点正在建造一座1610米高的海德塔，整体结构将于2014年完成，建造完成后高度将超过比斯杜拜塔和Al Burj建筑物。该建筑建造完毕将花费20亿美元。目前，一些人认为1英里高的建筑是当前可行性摩天大楼的极限。
6.莫斯科联邦大厦
莫斯科联邦大厦
7.颠覆城市
颠覆城市
8.终极塔楼
终极塔楼
9.东京“X-Seed4000”摩天巨塔
东京“X-Seed4000”摩天巨塔
The Four Great Inventions of Ancient China (中国古代四大发明)
compass 指南
gunpowder 火药
papermaking 造纸术
printing (movable type) 印刷术
Four Great Inventions of Ancient China -- printing
Block Printing
With the inventions of paper and ink, stamper gradually became popular during the Jin Dynasty (265-420), which was the early form of Carved Type Printing. Block Printing first appeared in the Tang Dynasty (618-907). The text was first written on a piece of thin paper, then glued face down onto a wooden plate. The characters were carved out to make a wood-block printing plate, which was used to print the text. Wood-block printing took a long time as a new block had to be carved for every page in a book.
It took a lot of time and energy as well as materials to prepare for printing a book, but it worked more effectively afterwards. This technology was gradually introduced to Korea, Japan, Vietnam, and the Philippines.
Yet, Block Printing had its drawbacks -- all the boards became useless after the printing was done and a single mistake in carving could ruin the whole block. The frontispiece of the world's oldest surviving book, the Diamond Sutra printed in the year 868, was discovered at Dunhuang Cave, along the Silk Road. The book, in the form of a roll, is the earliest woodcut illustration in a printed book.
Movable Type Printing
Block Printing was a costly and time-consuming process, for each carved block could only be used for a specific page of a particular book, besides, a single mistake in carving could ruin the whole block. However movable type changed all of that.
In the Song Dynasty (960-1279), a man named Bi Sheng carved individual characters on identical pieces of fine clay. Each piece of movable type had on it one Chinese character which was carved in relief on a small block of moistened clay. After the block had been hardened by fire, the type became hard and durable and could be used wherever required. The pieces of movable type could be glued to an iron plate and easily detached from the plate. Each piece of character could be assembled to print a page and then broken up and redistributed as needed. When the printing was finished, the pieces were put away for future use.
By the year1000, paged books in the modern style had replaced scrolls. Two color printing (black and red) was seen as early as 1340.
This technology then spread to Korea, Japan, Vietnam and Europe. Later, German Johann Gutenberg invented movable type made of metal in the 1440s. Movable Type Printing developed very fast. Based on clay type, type made of wood, lead, tin and copper gradually appeared.
The invention of gunpowder had a close relationship with the advanced ancient workmanship of smelting industry. People began to know a lot of chemistry knowledge about the nature of different mineral materials during the process of smelting operation. With the knowledge, ancient necromancers tried to seek the elixir of immortality from certain kinds of ores and fuel. Although they failed to get what they were looking for, they discovered that an explosive mixture could be produced by combining sulfur, charcoal, and saltpeter (potassium nitrate). This mixture finally led to the invention of gunpowder although its exact date of invention still remains unknown.
Many historical materials indicate that gunpowder first appeared before the Tang Dynasty (618-907). From 300 to 650AD several recipes were written about inflammable mixtures. Some historians date the invention of gunpowder at 850AD when a Taoist book warned of three specific elixir formulas as too dangerous to experiment.
The military applications of gunpowder began in the Tang Dynasty. Explosive bombs filled with gunpowder and fired from catapults were used in wars. During the Song and Yuan dynasties (960-1368), the military applications of gunpowder became common and some other weapons like "fire cannon", "rocket", "missile" and "fireball" were introduced.
In the Yuan Dynasty (1279-1368), the method of powder-making was introduced to the Arab world and Europe, bringing a series of revolutions to weapon manufacturing, as well as to stratagem and tactics on the battlefield. From Italy the making of gunpowder soon spread to other European countries, and by the 1350s it had become an effective weapon on the battlefield.
Four Great Inventions of Ancient China -- Paper
China was the first nation who invented paper. The earliest form of paper first appeared in the Western Han Dynasty (206BC-23AD), but the paper was generally very thick, coarse and uneven in their texture, made from pounded and disintegrated hemp fibers. The paper unearthed in a Han tomb in Gansu Province is by far the earliest existing ancient paper, tracing back to the early Western Han Dynasty.
In the Eastern Han Dynasty (25-220), a court official named Cai Lun made a new kind of paper from bark, hemp, rags, fishnet, wheat stalks and other materials. It was relatively cheap, light, thin, durable and more suitable for brush writing.
The art of paper-making spread east to Korea and Japan at the beginning of the seventh century (the end of the Sui Dynasty and the beginning of the Tang Dynasty). In the eighth century, along with the Silk Road, the Arab countries began to learn how to make paper. It took about 400 years for paper to traverse the Arab world to Europe. In the 14th century many paper mills were established in Italy, from where the workmanship of paper-making spread to the European countries such as Germany. The Italians vigorously produced the material and exported large amounts of it, dominating the European market for many years. In the 16th century, the art of paper-making appeared in Russia and Holland, and it spread to Britain in the 17th century.
Before paper was invented, Qin Shihuang, the first emperor in Chinese history, had to go over 120 kilos of official documents written on bamboo or wooden strips. With the invention of paper, the popularization of knowledge has turned into reality. The invention of paper is an epoch-making event in human history.
Four Great Inventions of Ancient China -- Compass
Early in the Spring and Autumn Period (770-476BC), while mining ores and melting copper and iron, Chinese people chanced upon a natural magnetite that attracted iron and pointed fixedly north. In the Warring States Period (206BC-23AD), after constant improvement the round compass came into being. Referred to as a "South-pointer", the spoon- or ladle- shaped compass is of magnetic lodestone, and the plate is of Bronze. The circular center represents Heaven, and the square plate represents Earth. The handle of the spoon points south. The spoon is a symbolic representation of the Great Bear. The plate bears Chinese characters which denote the eight main directions of north, north-east, east, etc. This type of compass has been scientifically tested and found to work tolerably well.
By the time of the Tang dynasty (618-907) and the beginning of the Northern Song Dynasty (960-1127), Chinese scholars had devised a way to magnetize iron needles, by rubbing them with magnetite, and then suspending them in water. They also observed that needles cooled from red heat and held in the north-south orientation (the earth's axis) would become magnetic. These more refined needle compasses could then be floated in water (wet compass), placed upon a pointed shaft (dry compass) or suspended from a silk thread, etc. Consequently, they were much more useful for navigation purposes since they were much more portable.
During the Song Dynasty (960-1279) many trading ships were then able to sail as far as Saudi Arabia without getting lost. The compass was introduced to the Arab world and Europe during the Northern Song Dynasty. The spread of the compass to Europe opened the oceans of the world to travel and led to the discovery of the New World.
对于这次北京奥运会开幕式，说实在的，我以及大家都期待了很久很久，我希望这百年不遇、自豪无比的开幕式能够震撼着每一个关注奥林匹克、关注中国的人们的心灵。今天，就在刚刚，我欣赏完开幕式后，我激动的心情久久不能平静，对于开幕式我有很多点评意见，有褒有贬，仅作为个人观点与大家分享：
值得肯定：
1、中国韵味——开幕式从始至终每个细节都有着非常浓厚的中国韵味，这一点值得肯定。
2、视觉冲击——第一个节目“缶”非常精彩，视觉效果太棒了，尤其是倒计时的设计真的太有创意了，动作整齐，服装道具精美，演员神情投入，真不愧为开幕式的Frist,值得表扬。
3、中国智慧——中国的“四大发明”这个似乎快被外国人遗忘的荣誉被搬上了开幕式，我觉得非常有必要，中国必须要向世人证明我们的智慧是与生俱来的，同样也是与时俱进的。
4、璀璨烟花——开幕式上的烟花真的非常震撼，一次又一次点亮了北京的璀璨星空，我想，这一点，现场的观众一定比电视机前的我更有体会。
5、烟花足迹——从天安门迈向鸟巢的29个巨大烟花足迹虽然步伐较快、时间短暂，但是真的是一个亮点，它表面上向大家展示了奥林匹克一路走来的历程与辉煌，但似乎也在告诉世人，中国已经从古老封闭的紫禁城迈向了国际崇尚的奥林匹克，中国的发展是快速的，是国际化的，是与时俱进的，是一步一个脚印稳扎稳打走过来的。
6、主题歌——这是一首美妙而有内涵的曲子，美妙在于它的旋律，内涵在于它的歌词，当然，开幕上的演唱实在令人失望，我稍后点评。
7、千万脚印——开幕上运动员进场完毕后，不知道大家有没有发现一副画，就是罗格、刘淇讲话，张怡宁、黄力平宣誓时所站立的地面，那上面由千万脚印组成的的五色彩虹是204个国家运动员入场时在不经意间绘画的，在走到这副画纸前，运动员肯定经过了一片离画纸很近涂了五彩颜料的区域，脚底有规则的沾到了颜料后再踏上画纸，顺着大家一支的行走方向，自然而然的画下了一副五色彩虹图，是在是有意义，妙哉，美哉～
8、人体绘画——中国的水墨画是独一无二、无以伦比的，在画卷上的人体绘画，不仅淋漓尽致的展现了中国文化，更在科技上增添了神秘色彩，演员舞到之处线条尽显，虽部分演员衣服上确实有颜料现场作画，但不是人人都有，线条是怎么随着身体展现，是个谜哦，很美的谜。
9、旗袍升级——我一直担心礼仪小姐的衣服是传统的瘦身旗袍，呵呵，看来我多虑了，旗袍修改了一番真是不错，有保留有创新，很美很合适，我要表扬。
必须指出：
1、儒家罗唆——宣传孔子倡导的儒家思想是个很好的题材，但是似乎时间很长，太过重复与罗唆了。
2、提前泄密——沙拉布莱曼和刘欢脚下的地球上人们奔跑的方式与李宁点火炬时奔跑方式一致，导致李宁的奔跑不新鲜，不新奇了。
3、格格不入——刘欢唱主题曲的时候，我快崩溃了，一件普通到极点的黑色T恤和沙拉布莱曼的盛装整个就格格不入，一点都不庄重，也太随便了，开幕式工作组有这么多专家，怎么就没有人给刘大哥设计一件？胖不是穿T恤的理由，我怎么没有见到帕瓦罗蒂穿T恤上台的，态度很重要。
4、失败演唱——主题曲其实是一首非常美妙的曲子，真的很好听，也许现场吵杂，或者调音师睡着了，怎么都听不清楚，实在是悲哀。
5、混乱特写——导播真的算是一个白痴，李宁手中的火炬点燃时镜头为什么不来一个特写，也让大家分享一下他的表情、心情，始终侧面拍摄，最可恨的是，你却播那么多江家奶奶的特写干嘛哟，她都老的快出不了家门了，样子近似中风与老年痴呆了，你非要左一个特写右一个特写的播，你这不是难为她嘛！导播大哥，你千万别和我说，你是为了体现中国男人，尤其中国男领导人不弃糟糠之妻的美德哦～晕
6、点火失误——8位火炬手在传火炬前，需要手动拉一下火炬的某一个开关，好像蛮紧的，有两个人似乎差点没有按时拉开，急死人了，这么重要的东西，干嘛不整一个自动的呢？还有，李宁手中的火炬点燃后，没有任何展示动作就直接飞了，绕场却时间漫长，而且火炬不是特制的，火苗甚小，我以为灭了呢，吓的我一身冷汗，李大哥的空中奔跑速度和画卷打开的速度明显脱节，都是你们为了搞保密、整神秘而导致缺乏前几次彩排的结果，不训练就上场肯定有差错啊！还有，火到底是点着什么东西顺沿燃烧上去的，我一点都没有看清，难道我视力问题？
7、点火台不宏伟——点火台是一个超大的祥云，这个设计我很喜欢，统一不是件坏事啊，可是它却不是独立的，是画卷一角卷曲而成，我觉得不够宏伟。
8、标志失踪——整个开幕式，我没有看到吉祥物五个可爱的福娃以及特有韵味的“京”字标志，我晕倒～这么重要的东西，不让他上台？？
9、国粹消失——在外国人的心目中，中国戏曲和中国功夫是中国最有特色的风景线，可是开幕式上，京剧太迷你，功夫只有太极，似乎狭隘了，应该搞一群少林和尚、“李小龙”或者一群盛装“脸谱”上去翻N个连环跟头再来几嗓子嚯嚯哈嘿，那才叫外国人直呼过瘾呢，毕竟这是世界的奥运会，老外喜欢很重要。
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北京奥运会主题歌MV《我和你》
我和你，心连心，同住地球村，为梦想，千里行，相会在北京。
来吧！朋友，伸出你的手，我和你，心连心，永远一家人。
You and Me From one world We are family.
Travel dream
A thousand miles Meeting in Beijing
Come together
Share the joy of life
Come on, friend
Together hand in hand
Come on, love Together hand in hand
You and me From one world Forever we are one family
奥运会开幕式时间和奥运会直播频道：
奥运会开幕式时间：
2008年北京奥运会开幕式时间是北京时间：2008年8月8日20时00分
奥运会闭幕式时间：是北京时间2008年8月24日
2008年奥运会开幕式流程已经确定。开幕式从20点开始，全程三个半小时，23点30分结束，包括了运动员入场、文艺演出、点燃圣火等。和开幕式有关的40多项试验正在进行当中。此外，北京奥运会、残奥会开幕式开始之前，将分别举行一个半小时的文艺表演。这两台节目将由各地选拔推荐，展现举国办奥运会的理念。北京奥林匹克转播公司将对这两台节目制作公共信号提供给各国电视机构播出。
奥运会直播频道：
奥运会直播频道具体还没有确定下来，不过可以肯定的是CCTV届时会有多个频道进行直播，目前，中央电视台已经确定了使用7个频道来转播报道奥运会的规模架构。这7个频道是：CCTV－1、CCTV－2、CCTV－5、CCTV－7四个开路频道，一个高清频道和两个付费频道。付费足球频道、付费网球频道，以转播奥运会足球赛事和网球赛事为主，制作、播出自成体系
。
奥运会期间，作为中国大陆及澳门地区独家播出机构的央视将首次利用7个频道转播奥运会，包括CCTV-1、CCTV-2、CCTV-5（奥运频道）、CCTV-7（赛事精编频道）、CCTV-高清以及足球、网球2个付费频道。
其中，CCTV-1是反映北京奥运会全貌的频道。届时每天除保留《朝闻天下》、《新闻30分》、《新闻联播》三档新闻外全部用来报道奥运会，在赛事选择上CCTV-1将会安排关注度最高的比赛，以游泳、跳水等为主项，将会有196枚金牌诞生于这个频道。
CCTV-2以转播中国观众关注的国际赛事为主，将取消原有编排，24小时进行奥运会比赛直播或播出实况录像，以足球、篮球、马术、帆船为主项，辅之以柔道等。在这个平台上，大概有37枚金牌的直播记录。
CCTV-5（奥运频道）从2008年1月1日被定名为奥运频道，凸显奥运电视报道中的本土特点。中国人关注的优势项目，一些有可能产生中国金牌的项目，都被分在这个平台上，以射击、田径、游泳等为主。这个平台将涵盖69枚奥运金牌的诞生。
CCTV-7（赛事精编频道）以奥运经典赛事的重播为主，也包括少量直播赛事，以满足广大错过直播的观众的收看需要。
CCTV-高清是一个全赛事频道，将充分利用高清国际信号精选每天的顶级赛事。2008年5月1日，高清频道正式开播，将选择那些具备高清画面特点的赛事，如游泳、跳水、体操、田径等。
奥运期间，央视将推出四档全新节目。《全景奥运》是CCTV-1每天22:30-24:00制作的一档90分钟的新闻专题性质的新闻资讯栏目，汇总全天奥运资讯，进行适当深度报道，反映和营造奥运气氛。主持人是白岩松和欧阳夏丹。
《早安，奥林匹克》是CCTV-奥运频道每天早间6:30-8:00播出的一档资讯类新闻节目，对前一天比赛进行全面报道，对当天比赛进行预告和推介。
正在展出的“2008年第三届北京国际美术双年展”中，最令人关注的莫过于雕塑家李象群的作品《堆云堆雪》，此作品在展览开幕当天，便遭到部分观众向主办方反映，主办方最终采取了用一块布遮掩私处的方式平息了部分观众的不满，然而同时也引起了其他观众及艺术家本人对此做法的质疑。当我们赶到展览现场的时候，令艺术家及观众更意想不到的一幕发生了：展览方不知以何种原因将艺术家要求打在作品上的射灯取消了……
博文
